Dasar-dasar Smarty
2.5.x: Smarty 3 4.0.x: Smarty 4
Versi Smarty oleh XOOPS Rilis
| Versi XOOPS | Versi Smarty | Perbedaan Utama |
|---|---|---|
| 2.5.11 | Smarty 3.x | block {php} diperbolehkan (tetapi tidak disarankan) |
| 2.7.0+ | Smarty 3.x/4.x | Mempersiapkan kompatibilitas Smarty 4 |
| 4.0 | Smarty 4.x | block {php} dihapus, sintaksis yang lebih ketat |
Lihat Smarty-4-Migration untuk panduan migrasi.
Smarty adalah mesin template untuk PHP yang memungkinkan pengembang memisahkan presentasi (HTML/CSS) dari logika aplikasi. XOOPS menggunakan Smarty untuk semua kebutuhan templatingnya, memungkinkan pemisahan yang bersih antara kode PHP dan keluaran HTML.
Dokumentasi Terkait
Section titled “Dokumentasi Terkait”- Pengembangan theme - Membuat theme XOOPS
- template-Variabel - Variabel yang tersedia di template
- Smarty-4-Migrasi - Peningkatan dari Smarty 3 ke 4
Apa itu Smarty?
Section titled “Apa itu Smarty?”Smarty menyediakan:
- Pemisahan Kekhawatiran: Pertahankan HTML di template, logika PHP di kelas
- Pewarisan template: Buat tata letak kompleks dari block sederhana
- Caching: Meningkatkan kinerja dengan template yang dikompilasi
- Pengubah: Mengubah keluaran dengan fungsi bawaan atau khusus
- Keamanan: Kontrol template fungsi PHP yang dapat diakses
Konfigurasi XOOPS Smarty
Section titled “Konfigurasi XOOPS Smarty”XOOPS mengonfigurasi Smarty dengan pembatas khusus:
Default Smarty: { and }XOOPS Smarty: <{ and }>Hal ini mencegah konflik dengan kode JavaScript di template.
Sintaks Dasar
Section titled “Sintaks Dasar”Variabel
Section titled “Variabel”Variabel diteruskan dari PHP ke template:
// In PHP$GLOBALS['xoopsTpl']->assign('title', 'My Page Title');$GLOBALS['xoopsTpl']->assign('count', 42);{* In template *}<h1><{$title}></h1><p>Total items: <{$count}></p>Akses Array
Section titled “Akses Array”// PHP$item = [ 'id' => 1, 'title' => 'Article Title', 'author' => 'John Doe'];$GLOBALS['xoopsTpl']->assign('item', $item);{* Template *}<h2><{$item.title}></h2><p>By: <{$item.author}></p>Properti Objek
Section titled “Properti Objek”// PHP$GLOBALS['xoopsTpl']->assign('user', $xoopsUser);{* Template *}<p>Welcome, <{$user->getVar('uname')}>!</p>Komentar
Section titled “Komentar”Komentar di Smarty tidak dirender ke HTML:
{* This is a comment - it will not appear in the HTML output *}
{* Multi-line comments are also supported*}Struktur Kontrol
Section titled “Struktur Kontrol”Pernyataan If/Else
Section titled “Pernyataan If/Else”<{if $user_logged_in}> <p>Welcome back!</p><{elseif $is_guest}> <p>Hello, Guest!</p><{else}> <p>Please log in.</p><{/if}>Operator Perbandingan
Section titled “Operator Perbandingan”{* Equality *}<{if $status == 'published'}>Published<{/if}><{if $status eq 'published'}>Published<{/if}>
{* Inequality *}<{if $count != 0}>Has items<{/if}><{if $count neq 0}>Has items<{/if}>
{* Greater/Less than *}<{if $count > 10}>Many items<{/if}><{if $count gt 10}>Many items<{/if}><{if $count < 5}>Few items<{/if}><{if $count lt 5}>Few items<{/if}>
{* Greater/Less than or equal *}<{if $count >= 10}>Ten or more<{/if}><{if $count gte 10}>Ten or more<{/if}><{if $count <= 5}>Five or less<{/if}><{if $count lte 5}>Five or less<{/if}>
{* Logical operators *}<{if $logged_in && $is_admin}>Admin Panel<{/if}><{if $logged_in and $is_admin}>Admin Panel<{/if}><{if $option1 || $option2}>One option selected<{/if}><{if $option1 or $option2}>One option selected<{/if}><{if !$is_banned}>Access granted<{/if}><{if not $is_banned}>Access granted<{/if}>Memeriksa Empty/Isset
Section titled “Memeriksa Empty/Isset”{* Check if variable exists and has value *}<{if $title}> <h1><{$title}></h1><{/if}>
{* Check if array is not empty *}<{if $items|@count > 0}> <ul> <{foreach $items as $item}> <li><{$item.name}></li> <{/foreach}> </ul><{/if}>
{* Using isset *}<{if isset($description)}> <p><{$description}></p><{/if}>Loop Depan
Section titled “Loop Depan”{* Basic foreach *}<ul><{foreach $items as $item}> <li><{$item.name}></li><{/foreach}></ul>
{* With key *}<{foreach $options as $key => $value}> <option value="<{$key}>"><{$value}></option><{/foreach}>
{* With @index, @first, @last *}<{foreach $items as $item}> <{if $item@first}><ul><{/if}> <li class="item-<{$item@index}>"><{$item.name}></li> <{if $item@last}></ul><{/if}><{/foreach}>
{* Alternate row colors *}<{foreach $rows as $row}> <tr class="<{if $row@iteration is odd}>odd<{else}>even<{/if}>"> <td><{$row.name}></td> </tr><{/foreach}>
{* Foreachelse for empty arrays *}<{foreach $items as $item}> <li><{$item.name}></li><{foreachelse}> <li>No items found.</li><{/foreach}>Untuk Loop
Section titled “Untuk Loop”<{for $i=1 to 10}> <p>Item <{$i}></p><{/for}>
<{for $i=10 to 1 step -1}> <p>Countdown: <{$i}></p><{/for}>Sementara Loop
Section titled “Sementara Loop”<{while $count > 0}> <p><{$count}></p> <{$count = $count - 1}><{/while}>Pengubah Variabel
Section titled “Pengubah Variabel”Pengubah mengubah keluaran variabel:
Pengubah String
Section titled “Pengubah String”{* HTML escape (always use for user input!) *}<{$title|escape}><{$title|escape:'html'}>
{* URL encoding *}<{$url|escape:'url'}>
{* Uppercase/Lowercase *}<{$name|upper}><{$name|lower}><{$name|capitalize}>
{* Truncate text *}<{$content|truncate:100:'...'}>
{* Strip HTML tags *}<{$html|strip_tags}>
{* Replace *}<{$text|replace:'old':'new'}>
{* Word wrap *}<{$text|wordwrap:80:"\n"}>
{* Default value *}<{$optional_var|default:'No value'}>Pengubah Numerik
Section titled “Pengubah Numerik”{* Number formatting *}<{$price|string_format:"%.2f"}><{$count|number_format}>
{* Date formatting *}<{$timestamp|date_format:"%B %e, %Y"}><{$timestamp|date_format:"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"}>Pengubah Array
Section titled “Pengubah Array”{* Count items *}<{$items|@count}> items
{* Join array *}<{$tags|@implode:', '}>
{* JSON encode *}<{$data|@json_encode}>Pengubah Rantai
Section titled “Pengubah Rantai”<{$content|strip_tags|truncate:200:'...'|escape}>Sertakan dan Sisipkan
Section titled “Sertakan dan Sisipkan”Termasuk Template Lainnya
Section titled “Termasuk Template Lainnya”{* Include a template file *}<{include file="db:mymodule_header.tpl"}>
{* Include with variables *}<{include file="db:mymodule_item.tpl" item=$currentItem}>
{* Include with assigned variables *}<{include file="db:sidebar.tpl" assign="sidebar_content"}><div class="sidebar"><{$sidebar_content}></div>Memasukkan Konten Dinamis
Section titled “Memasukkan Konten Dinamis”{* Insert calls a PHP function for dynamic content *}<{insert name="getBanner"}>Tetapkan Variabel dalam template
Section titled “Tetapkan Variabel dalam template”{* Simple assignment *}<{assign var="page_title" value="Welcome"}><{$page_title = "Welcome"}>
{* Assignment from expression *}<{assign var="full_name" value="`$first_name` `$last_name`"}>
{* Capture block content *}<{capture name="sidebar"}> <h3>Sidebar</h3> <ul> <li>Link 1</li> <li>Link 2</li> </ul><{/capture}><div class="sidebar"><{$smarty.capture.sidebar}></div>Variabel Smarty bawaan
Section titled “Variabel Smarty bawaan”Variabel $smarty
Section titled “Variabel $smarty”{* Current timestamp *}<{$smarty.now|date_format:"%Y-%m-%d"}>
{* Request variables *}<{$smarty.get.page}><{$smarty.post.username}><{$smarty.request.id}><{$smarty.cookies.session_id}><{$smarty.server.HTTP_HOST}>
{* Constants *}<{$smarty.const.XOOPS_URL}>
{* Configuration variables *}<{$smarty.config.var_name}>
{* Template info *}<{$smarty.template}><{$smarty.current_dir}>
{* Smarty version *}<{$smarty.version}>
{* Section/Foreach properties *}<{$smarty.foreach.items.index}><{$smarty.foreach.items.iteration}><{$smarty.foreach.items.first}><{$smarty.foreach.items.last}>block Harafiah
Section titled “block Harafiah”Untuk JavaScript dengan kurung kurawal:
<{literal}><script> var config = { url: 'https://example.com', count: 10 }; if (config.count > 5) { console.log('Many items'); }</script><{/literal}>Atau gunakan variabel Smarty dalam JavaScript:
<script>var moduleUrl = '<{$xoops_url}>/modules/mymodule';var items = <{$items_json}>;</script>Fungsi Kustom
Section titled “Fungsi Kustom”XOOPS menyediakan fungsi Smarty khusus:
{* XOOPS Image URL *}<img src="<{xoImgUrl}>images/logo.png" alt="Logo">
{* XOOPS Module URL *}<a href="<{xoModuleUrl}>">Module Home</a>
{* App URL *}<a href="<{xoAppUrl 'item.php'}>?id=<{$item.id}>">View Item</a>Praktik Terbaik
Section titled “Praktik Terbaik”Selalu Keluar dari Keluaran
Section titled “Selalu Keluar dari Keluaran”{* For user-generated content, always escape *}<p><{$user_comment|escape}></p>
{* For HTML content, use appropriate method *}<div><{$content}></div> {* Only if content is pre-sanitized *}Gunakan Nama Variabel yang Bermakna
Section titled “Gunakan Nama Variabel yang Bermakna”// Good$GLOBALS['xoopsTpl']->assign('article_title', $title);$GLOBALS['xoopsTpl']->assign('article_items', $items);
// Avoid$GLOBALS['xoopsTpl']->assign('t', $title);$GLOBALS['xoopsTpl']->assign('arr', $items);Pertahankan Logika Minimal
Section titled “Pertahankan Logika Minimal”template harus fokus pada presentasi. Pindahkan logika kompleks ke PHP:
{* Avoid complex logic in templates *}{* Bad *}<{if $user && $user->getVar('level') > 5 && $user->getVar('status') == 'active' && $permissions|in_array:'edit'}>
{* Good - calculate in PHP and pass a simple flag *}<{if $can_edit}>Gunakan Warisan template
Section titled “Gunakan Warisan template”Untuk tata letak yang konsisten, gunakan pewarisan template (lihat Pengembangan theme).
Men-debug template
Section titled “Men-debug template”Konsol Debug
Section titled “Konsol Debug”{* Show all assigned variables *}<{debug}>Keluaran Sementara
Section titled “Keluaran Sementara”{* Debug specific variable *}<pre><{$variable|@print_r}></pre><pre><{$variable|@var_export}></pre>Pola template XOOPS Umum
Section titled “Pola template XOOPS Umum”Struktur template module
Section titled “Struktur template module”{* Module header *}<div class="mymodule"> <h2><{$module_name}></h2>
{* Breadcrumb *} <{if $breadcrumb}> <nav class="breadcrumb"> <{foreach $breadcrumb as $crumb}> <{if $crumb@last}> <span><{$crumb.title}></span> <{else}> <a href="<{$crumb.link}>"><{$crumb.title}></a> » <{/if}> <{/foreach}> </nav> <{/if}>
{* Content *} <div class="content"> <{$content}> </div></div>Paginasi
Section titled “Paginasi”<{if $page_nav}><div class="pagination"> <{$page_nav}></div><{/if}>Tampilan Formulir
Section titled “Tampilan Formulir”<{if $form}><div class="form-container"> <{$form}></div><{/if}>#smarty #templates #xoops #front-end #template-engine