權限協助者

XOOPS 有一個基於使用者群組成員資格的強大而靈活的權限系統。XMF 權限協助者簡化了這些權限的使用，將複雜的權限檢查減少為單一方法呼叫。

概述

XOOPS 權限系統將群組與以下相關聯：

模組 ID
權限名稱
項目 ID

傳統上檢查權限需要尋找使用者群組、查找模組 ID 和查詢權限表。XMF 權限協助者自動處理所有這些。

入門

建立權限協助者

// For the current module
$permHelper = new \Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission();

// For a specific module
$permHelper = new \Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission('mymodule');

該協助者自動使用目前使用者的群組和指定模組的 ID。

檢查權限

使用者是否有權限？

檢查目前使用者是否對項目有特定權限：

$permHelper = new \Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission();

// Check if user can view topic ID 42
$canView = $permHelper->checkPermission('viewtopic', 42);

if ($canView) {
    // Display the topic
} else {
    // Show access denied message
}

使用重新導向檢查

自動重新導向缺少權限的使用者：

$permHelper = new \Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission();
$topicId = 42;

// Redirects to index.php after 3 seconds if no permission
$permHelper->checkPermissionRedirect(
    'viewtopic',
    $topicId,
    'index.php',
    3,
    'You are not allowed to view that topic'
);

// Code here only runs if user has permission
displayTopic($topicId);

管理員覆蓋

預設情況下，管理員使用者始終有權限。要即使對於管理員也進行檢查：

// Normal check - admins always have permission
$hasPermission = $permHelper->checkPermission('viewtopic', $id);

// Check even for admins (third parameter = false)
$hasPermission = $permHelper->checkPermission('viewtopic', $id, false);

取得允許的項目 ID

檢索特定群組有權限的所有項目 ID：

// Get items the current user's groups can view
$viewableIds = $permHelper->getItemIds('viewtopic', $GLOBALS['xoopsUser']->getGroups());

// Get items a specific group can view
$viewableIds = $permHelper->getItemIds('viewtopic', [XOOPS_GROUP_USERS]);

// Use in queries
$criteria = new Criteria('topic_id', '(' . implode(',', $viewableIds) . ')', 'IN');

管理權限

取得項目的群組

尋找哪些群組具有特定權限：

$permHelper = new \Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission();

// Get groups that can view topic 42
$groups = $permHelper->getGroupsForItem('viewtopic', 42);
// Returns: [1, 2, 5] (array of group IDs)

儲存權限

授予特定群組權限：

$permHelper = new \Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission();

// Allow groups 1, 2, and 3 to view topic 42
$groups = [1, 2, 3];
$permHelper->savePermissionForItem('viewtopic', 42, $groups);

刪除權限

移除項目的所有權限（通常在刪除項目時）：

$permHelper = new \Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission();
$topicId = 42;

// Delete view permission for this topic
$permHelper->deletePermissionForItem('viewtopic', $topicId);

對於多種權限類型：

// Delete multiple permission types at once
$permissionNames = ['viewtopic', 'posttopic', 'edittopic'];
$permHelper->deletePermissionForItem($permissionNames, $topicId);

表單整合

將權限選擇新增至表單

該協助者可以建立用於選擇群組的表單元素：

$permHelper = new \Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission();

// Build your form
$form = new XoopsThemeForm('Edit Topic', 'topicform', 'save.php');

// Add title field, etc.
$form->addElement(new XoopsFormText('Title', 'title', 50, 255, $topic->getVar('title')));

// Add permission selector
$form->addElement(
    $permHelper->getGroupSelectFormForItem(
        'viewtopic',                           // Permission name
        $topicId,                              // Item ID
        'Groups with View Topic Permission'   // Caption
    )
);

$form->addElement(new XoopsFormButton('', 'submit', 'Save', 'submit'));

表單元素選項

完整的方法簽名：

getGroupSelectFormForItem(
    $gperm_name,      // Permission name
    $gperm_itemid,    // Item ID
    $caption,         // Form element caption
    $name,            // Element name (auto-generated if empty)
    $include_anon,    // Include anonymous group (default: false)
    $size,            // Number of visible rows (default: 5)
    $multiple         // Allow multiple selection (default: true)
)

處理表單提交

use Xmf\Request;

$permHelper = new \Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission();
$topicId = Request::getInt('topic_id', 0);

// Get the auto-generated field name
$fieldName = $permHelper->defaultFieldName('viewtopic', $topicId);

// Get selected groups from form
$selectedGroups = Request::getArray($fieldName, [], 'POST');

// Save the permissions
$permHelper->savePermissionForItem('viewtopic', $topicId, $selectedGroups);

預設欄位名稱

協助者產生一致的欄位名稱：

$fieldName = $permHelper->defaultFieldName('viewtopic', 42);
// Returns something like: 'mymodule_viewtopic_42'

完整範例：受權限保護的項目

使用權限建立項目

<?php
use Xmf\Request;
use Xmf\Module\Helper;
use Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission;

require_once dirname(dirname(__DIR__)) . '/mainfile.php';
require_once XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/header.php';

$helper = Helper::getHelper('mymodule');
$permHelper = new Permission('mymodule');

$op = Request::getCmd('op', 'form');
$itemId = Request::getInt('id', 0);

switch ($op) {
    case 'save':
        // Save item data
        $handler = $helper->getHandler('items');

        if ($itemId > 0) {
            $item = $handler->get($itemId);
        } else {
            $item = $handler->create();
        }

        $item->setVar('title', Request::getString('title', ''));
        $item->setVar('content', Request::getText('content', ''));

        if ($handler->insert($item)) {
            $newId = $item->getVar('item_id');

            // Save view permission
            $viewFieldName = $permHelper->defaultFieldName('view', $newId);
            $viewGroups = Request::getArray($viewFieldName, [], 'POST');
            $permHelper->savePermissionForItem('view', $newId, $viewGroups);

            // Save edit permission
            $editFieldName = $permHelper->defaultFieldName('edit', $newId);
            $editGroups = Request::getArray($editFieldName, [], 'POST');
            $permHelper->savePermissionForItem('edit', $newId, $editGroups);

            redirect_header('index.php', 2, 'Item saved');
        }
        break;

    case 'form':
    default:
        $handler = $helper->getHandler('items');

        if ($itemId > 0) {
            $item = $handler->get($itemId);
        } else {
            $item = $handler->create();
            $itemId = 0;
        }

        $form = new XoopsThemeForm('Edit Item', 'itemform', 'edit.php');
        $form->addElement(new XoopsFormHidden('op', 'save'));
        $form->addElement(new XoopsFormHidden('id', $itemId));

        $form->addElement(new XoopsFormText('Title', 'title', 50, 255, $item->getVar('title')));
        $form->addElement(new XoopsFormTextArea('Content', 'content', $item->getVar('content')));

        // View permission selector
        $form->addElement(
            $permHelper->getGroupSelectFormForItem('view', $itemId, 'Groups that can view')
        );

        // Edit permission selector
        $form->addElement(
            $permHelper->getGroupSelectFormForItem('edit', $itemId, 'Groups that can edit')
        );

        $form->addElement(new XoopsFormButton('', 'submit', 'Save', 'submit'));

        $form->display();
        break;
}

require_once XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/footer.php';

使用權限檢查進行檢視

<?php
use Xmf\Request;
use Xmf\Module\Helper;
use Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission;

require_once dirname(dirname(__DIR__)) . '/mainfile.php';

$helper = Helper::getHelper('mymodule');
$permHelper = new Permission('mymodule');

$itemId = Request::getInt('id', 0);

// Check view permission - redirects if denied
$permHelper->checkPermissionRedirect(
    'view',
    $itemId,
    'index.php',
    3,
    'You do not have permission to view this item'
);

require_once XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/header.php';

// User has permission, display the item
$handler = $helper->getHandler('items');
$item = $handler->get($itemId);

$xoopsTpl->assign('item', $item->toArray());

// Show edit button only if user has edit permission
if ($permHelper->checkPermission('edit', $itemId)) {
    $xoopsTpl->assign('can_edit', true);
    $xoopsTpl->assign('edit_url', $helper->url('edit.php?id=' . $itemId));
}

require_once XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/footer.php';

刪除時清理權限

<?php
use Xmf\Request;
use Xmf\Module\Helper;
use Xmf\Module\Helper\Permission;

$helper = Helper::getHelper('mymodule');
$permHelper = new Permission('mymodule');

$itemId = Request::getInt('id', 0);

// Delete the item
$handler = $helper->getHandler('items');
$item = $handler->get($itemId);

if ($item && $handler->delete($item)) {
    // Clean up all permissions for this item
    $permissionNames = ['view', 'edit', 'delete'];
    $permHelper->deletePermissionForItem($permissionNames, $itemId);

    redirect_header('index.php', 2, 'Item deleted');
}

API 參考資料

方法	說明
`checkPermission($name, $itemId, $trueIfAdmin)`	檢查使用者是否有權限
`checkPermissionRedirect($name, $itemId, $url, $time, $message, $trueIfAdmin)`	檢查並在拒絕時重新導向
`getItemIds($name, $groupIds)`	取得群組可以存取的項目 ID
`getGroupsForItem($name, $itemId)`	取得具有權限的群組
`savePermissionForItem($name, $itemId, $groups)`	儲存權限
`deletePermissionForItem($name, $itemId)`	刪除權限
`getGroupSelectFormForItem(...)`	建立表單選擇元素
`defaultFieldName($name, $itemId)`	取得預設表單欄位名稱