Vzorec enote dela

Pregled

Vzorec Enota dela vzdržuje seznam objektov, na katere vpliva poslovna transakcija, in usklajuje pisanje sprememb. Zagotavlja, da so vse povezane spremembe odobrene skupaj ali razveljavljene v primeru napake.

Namen

1. Upravljanje transakcij – Skupinske operacije
2. Sledenje spremembam - Sledite spremenjenim entitetam
3. Paketne operacije - Optimizirajte pisanje podatkovne baze
4. Doslednost – Zagotovite celovitost podatkov

Izvedba

Vmesnik delovne enote

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace XoopsModules\MyModule\Infrastructure;

interface UnitOfWorkInterface
{
    public function begin(): void;
    public function commit(): void;
    public function rollback(): void;
    public function registerNew(object $entity): void;
    public function registerDirty(object $entity): void;
    public function registerDeleted(object $entity): void;
}

Osnovna izvedba

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace XoopsModules\MyModule\Infrastructure;

final class UnitOfWork implements UnitOfWorkInterface
{
    private array $newEntities = [];
    private array $dirtyEntities = [];
    private array $deletedEntities = [];
    private bool $inTransaction = false;

    public function __construct(
        private readonly \XoopsDatabase $db,
        private readonly EntityMapperRegistry $mappers
    ) {}

    public function begin(): void
    {
        if ($this->inTransaction) {
            throw new \RuntimeException('Transaction already started');
        }

        $this->db->query('START TRANSACTION');
        $this->inTransaction = true;
    }

    public function commit(): void
    {
        if (!$this->inTransaction) {
            throw new \RuntimeException('No transaction in progress');
        }

        try {
            $this->insertNew();
            $this->updateDirty();
            $this->deleteRemoved();

            $this->db->query('COMMIT');
            $this->clear();
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            $this->rollback();
            throw $e;
        }
    }

    public function rollback(): void
    {
        if ($this->inTransaction) {
            $this->db->query('ROLLBACK');
            $this->clear();
        }
    }

    public function registerNew(object $entity): void
    {
        $id = spl_object_id($entity);
        $this->newEntities[$id] = $entity;
    }

    public function registerDirty(object $entity): void
    {
        $id = spl_object_id($entity);
        if (!isset($this->newEntities[$id])) {
            $this->dirtyEntities[$id] = $entity;
        }
    }

    public function registerDeleted(object $entity): void
    {
        $id = spl_object_id($entity);
        unset($this->newEntities[$id], $this->dirtyEntities[$id]);
        $this->deletedEntities[$id] = $entity;
    }

    private function insertNew(): void
    {
        foreach ($this->newEntities as $entity) {
            $mapper = $this->mappers->getMapper($entity::class);
            $mapper->insert($entity);
        }
    }

    private function updateDirty(): void
    {
        foreach ($this->dirtyEntities as $entity) {
            $mapper = $this->mappers->getMapper($entity::class);
            $mapper->update($entity);
        }
    }

    private function deleteRemoved(): void
    {
        foreach ($this->deletedEntities as $entity) {
            $mapper = $this->mappers->getMapper($entity::class);
            $mapper->delete($entity);
        }
    }

    private function clear(): void
    {
        $this->newEntities = [];
        $this->dirtyEntities = [];
        $this->deletedEntities = [];
        $this->inTransaction = false;
    }
}

Uporaba v storitvah

final class ArticleService
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly UnitOfWorkInterface $unitOfWork,
        private readonly ArticleRepository $articles,
        private readonly CommentRepository $comments
    ) {}

    public function publishWithComments(
        Article $article,
        array $comments
    ): void {
        $this->unitOfWork->begin();

        try {
            // Mark article as modified
            $article->publish();
            $this->unitOfWork->registerDirty($article);

            // Add new comments
            foreach ($comments as $comment) {
                $this->unitOfWork->registerNew($comment);
            }

            // Commit all changes together
            $this->unitOfWork->commit();

        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            $this->unitOfWork->rollback();
            throw $e;
        }
    }
}

Z integracijo repozitorija

final class ArticleRepository implements ArticleRepositoryInterface
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly UnitOfWorkInterface $unitOfWork,
        private readonly ArticleMapper $mapper
    ) {}

    public function add(Article $article): void
    {
        $this->unitOfWork->registerNew($article);
    }

    public function update(Article $article): void
    {
        $this->unitOfWork->registerDirty($article);
    }

    public function remove(Article $article): void
    {
        $this->unitOfWork->registerDeleted($article);
    }

    public function findById(ArticleId $id): ?Article
    {
        return $this->mapper->findById($id);
    }
}

Najboljše prakse

1. Kratke transakcije - Transakcije naj bodo kratke
2. Enotna odgovornost - Ena enota dela na poslovno operacijo
3. Jasne meje - Jasno določite obseg transakcije
4. Obravnava napak - Vedno obravnavajte scenarije povrnitve
5. Izogibajte se ugnezdenosti – Ne ugnezdite enot dela

Povezana dokumentacija

• Repository-Layer - vzorec repozitorija
• Service-Layer - Service pattern
• ../Database/Database-Schema - Podatkovne operacije
• Domenski model - Domenske entitete