Валидация форм

Обзор

XOOPS предоставляет валидацию как на стороне клиента, так и на стороне сервера для входных данных формы. Это руководство охватывает методы валидации, встроенные валидаторы и реализацию пользовательской валидации.

Validation Architecture

flowchart TB
    A[Form Submission] --> B{Client-Side Validation}
    B -->|Pass| C[Server Request]
    B -->|Fail| D[Show Client Errors]
    C --> E{Server-Side Validation}
    E -->|Pass| F[Process Data]
    E -->|Fail| G[Return Errors]
    G --> H[Display Server Errors]

Server-Side Validation

Using XoopsFormValidator

use Xoops\Core\Form\Validator;

$validator = new Validator();

$validator->addRule('username', 'required', 'Username is required');
$validator->addRule('username', 'minLength:3', 'Username must be at least 3 characters');
$validator->addRule('username', 'maxLength:50', 'Username cannot exceed 50 characters');
$validator->addRule('email', 'email', 'Please enter a valid email address');
$validator->addRule('password', 'minLength:8', 'Password must be at least 8 characters');

if (!$validator->validate($_POST)) {
    $errors = $validator->getErrors();
    // Handle errors
}

Built-in Validation Rules

Rule	Description	Example
required	Field must not be empty	required
email	Valid email format	email
url	Valid URL format	url
numeric	Numeric value only	numeric
integer	Integer value only	integer
minLength	Minimum string length	minLength:3
maxLength	Maximum string length	maxLength:100
min	Minimum numeric value	min:1
max	Maximum numeric value	max:100
regex	Custom regex pattern	regex:/^[a-z]+$/
in	Value in list	in:draft,published,archived
date	Valid date format	date
alpha	Letters only	alpha
alphanumeric	Letters and numbers	alphanumeric

Custom Validation Rules

$validator->addCustomRule('unique_username', function($value) {
    $memberHandler = xoops_getHandler('member');
    $criteria = new \CriteriaCompo();
    $criteria->add(new \Criteria('uname', $value));
    return $memberHandler->getUserCount($criteria) === 0;
}, 'Username already exists');

$validator->addRule('username', 'unique_username');

Request Validation

Sanitizing Input

use Xoops\Core\Request;

// Get sanitized values
$username = Request::getString('username', '', 'POST');
$email = Request::getEmail('email', '', 'POST');
$age = Request::getInt('age', 0, 'POST');
$price = Request::getFloat('price', 0.0, 'POST');
$tags = Request::getArray('tags', [], 'POST');

// With validation
$username = Request::getString('username', '', 'POST', [
    'minLength' => 3,
    'maxLength' => 50
]);

XSS Prevention

use Xoops\Core\Text\Sanitizer;

$sanitizer = Sanitizer::getInstance();

// Sanitize HTML content
$cleanContent = $sanitizer->sanitizeForDisplay($userContent);

// Strip all HTML
$plainText = $sanitizer->stripHtml($userContent);

// Allow specific tags
$content = $sanitizer->sanitizeForDisplay($userContent, [
    'allowedTags' => '<p><br><strong><em><a>'
]);

Client-Side Validation

HTML5 Validation Attributes

// Required field
$element->setExtra('required');

// Pattern validation
$element->setExtra('pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9]+" title="Alphanumeric only"');

// Length constraints
$element->setExtra('minlength="3" maxlength="50"');

// Numeric constraints
$element->setExtra('min="1" max="100"');

JavaScript Validation

document.getElementById('myForm').addEventListener('submit', function(e) {
    const username = document.getElementById('username').value;
    const errors = [];

    if (username.length < 3) {
        errors.push('Username must be at least 3 characters');
    }

    if (!/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$/.test(username)) {
        errors.push('Username can only contain letters, numbers, and underscores');
    }

    if (errors.length > 0) {
        e.preventDefault();
        displayErrors(errors);
    }
});

CSRF Protection

Token Generation

// Generate token in form
$form->addElement(new \XoopsFormHiddenToken());

// This adds a hidden field with security token

Token Verification

use Xoops\Core\Security;

if (!Security::checkReferer()) {
    die('Invalid request origin');
}

if (!Security::checkToken()) {
    die('Invalid security token');
}

File Upload Validation

use Xoops\Core\Uploader;

$uploader = new Uploader(
    uploadDir: XOOPS_UPLOAD_PATH . '/images/',
    allowedMimeTypes: ['image/jpeg', 'image/png', 'image/gif'],
    maxFileSize: 2 * 1024 * 1024, // 2MB
    maxWidth: 1920,
    maxHeight: 1080
);

if ($uploader->fetchMedia('image_upload')) {
    if ($uploader->upload()) {
        $savedFile = $uploader->getSavedFileName();
    } else {
        $errors[] = $uploader->getErrors();
    }
}

Error Display

Collecting Errors

$errors = [];

if (empty($username)) {
    $errors['username'] = 'Username is required';
}

if (!filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) {
    $errors['email'] = 'Invalid email format';
}

if (!empty($errors)) {
    // Store in session for display after redirect
    $_SESSION['form_errors'] = $errors;
    $_SESSION['form_data'] = $_POST;
    header('Location: ' . $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']);
    exit;
}

Displaying Errors

{if $errors}
<div class="alert alert-danger">
    <ul>
        {foreach $errors as $field => $message}
        <li>{$message}</li>
        {/foreach}
    </ul>
</div>
{/if}

Best Practices

1. Always validate server-side - Client-side validation can be bypassed
2. Use parameterized queries - Prevent SQL injection
3. Sanitize output - Prevent XSS attacks
4. Validate file uploads - Check MIME types and sizes
5. Use CSRF tokens - Prevent cross-site request forgery
6. Rate limit submissions - Prevent abuse

Related Documentation

• Form Elements Reference
• Forms Overview
• Security Best Practices