Enhed af arbejdsmønster

Oversigt

Arbejdsenhedsmønsteret vedligeholder en liste over objekter, der er påvirket af en forretningstransaktion, og koordinerer udskrivning af ændringer. Det sikrer, at alle relaterede ændringer forpligtes sammen eller rulles tilbage ved fejl.

Formål

1. Transaktionsstyring - Koncernrelaterede operationer
2. Skift sporing - Spor modificerede enheder
3. Batch Operations - Optimer databaseskrivning
4. Konsistens - Sikre dataintegritet

Implementering

Unit of Work Interface

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace XoopsModules\MyModule\Infrastructure;

interface UnitOfWorkInterface
{
    public function begin(): void;
    public function commit(): void;
    public function rollback(): void;
    public function registerNew(object $entity): void;
    public function registerDirty(object $entity): void;
    public function registerDeleted(object $entity): void;
}

Grundlæggende implementering

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace XoopsModules\MyModule\Infrastructure;

final class UnitOfWork implements UnitOfWorkInterface
{
    private array $newEntities = [];
    private array $dirtyEntities = [];
    private array $deletedEntities = [];
    private bool $inTransaction = false;

    public function __construct(
        private readonly \XoopsDatabase $db,
        private readonly EntityMapperRegistry $mappers
    ) {}

    public function begin(): void
    {
        if ($this->inTransaction) {
            throw new \RuntimeException('Transaction already started');
        }

        $this->db->query('START TRANSACTION');
        $this->inTransaction = true;
    }

    public function commit(): void
    {
        if (!$this->inTransaction) {
            throw new \RuntimeException('No transaction in progress');
        }

        try {
            $this->insertNew();
            $this->updateDirty();
            $this->deleteRemoved();

            $this->db->query('COMMIT');
            $this->clear();
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            $this->rollback();
            throw $e;
        }
    }

    public function rollback(): void
    {
        if ($this->inTransaction) {
            $this->db->query('ROLLBACK');
            $this->clear();
        }
    }

    public function registerNew(object $entity): void
    {
        $id = spl_object_id($entity);
        $this->newEntities[$id] = $entity;
    }

    public function registerDirty(object $entity): void
    {
        $id = spl_object_id($entity);
        if (!isset($this->newEntities[$id])) {
            $this->dirtyEntities[$id] = $entity;
        }
    }

    public function registerDeleted(object $entity): void
    {
        $id = spl_object_id($entity);
        unset($this->newEntities[$id], $this->dirtyEntities[$id]);
        $this->deletedEntities[$id] = $entity;
    }

    private function insertNew(): void
    {
        foreach ($this->newEntities as $entity) {
            $mapper = $this->mappers->getMapper($entity::class);
            $mapper->insert($entity);
        }
    }

    private function updateDirty(): void
    {
        foreach ($this->dirtyEntities as $entity) {
            $mapper = $this->mappers->getMapper($entity::class);
            $mapper->update($entity);
        }
    }

    private function deleteRemoved(): void
    {
        foreach ($this->deletedEntities as $entity) {
            $mapper = $this->mappers->getMapper($entity::class);
            $mapper->delete($entity);
        }
    }

    private function clear(): void
    {
        $this->newEntities = [];
        $this->dirtyEntities = [];
        $this->deletedEntities = [];
        $this->inTransaction = false;
    }
}

Brug i tjenester

final class ArticleService
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly UnitOfWorkInterface $unitOfWork,
        private readonly ArticleRepository $articles,
        private readonly CommentRepository $comments
    ) {}

    public function publishWithComments(
        Article $article,
        array $comments
    ): void {
        $this->unitOfWork->begin();

        try {
            // Mark article as modified
            $article->publish();
            $this->unitOfWork->registerDirty($article);

            // Add new comments
            foreach ($comments as $comment) {
                $this->unitOfWork->registerNew($comment);
            }

            // Commit all changes together
            $this->unitOfWork->commit();

        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            $this->unitOfWork->rollback();
            throw $e;
        }
    }
}

Med Repository Integration

final class ArticleRepository implements ArticleRepositoryInterface
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly UnitOfWorkInterface $unitOfWork,
        private readonly ArticleMapper $mapper
    ) {}

    public function add(Article $article): void
    {
        $this->unitOfWork->registerNew($article);
    }

    public function update(Article $article): void
    {
        $this->unitOfWork->registerDirty($article);
    }

    public function remove(Article $article): void
    {
        $this->unitOfWork->registerDeleted($article);
    }

    public function findById(ArticleId $id): ?Article
    {
        return $this->mapper->findById($id);
    }
}

Bedste praksis

1. Korte transaktioner - Hold transaktioner korte
2. Enkelt ansvar - Én arbejdsenhed pr. forretningsdrift
3. Tydelige grænser - Definer transaktionsomfang klart
4. Fejlhåndtering - Håndter altid scenarier med tilbagerulning
5. Undgå indlejret - Indlejr ikke arbejdsenheder

Relateret dokumentation

• Repository-Layer - Repository mønster
• Service-Layer - Servicemønster
• ../Database/Database-Schema - Databaseoperationer
• Domæne-model - Domæne-enheder