CRUD मॉड्यूल का निर्माण

CRUD मॉड्यूल ट्यूटोरियल का निर्माण

यह ट्यूटोरियल आपको XOOPS के लिए संपूर्ण CRUD (बनाएं, पढ़ें, अपडेट करें, हटाएं) मॉड्यूल बनाने के बारे में बताता है। हम एक “नोट्स” मॉड्यूल बनाएंगे जो उपयोगकर्ताओं को व्यक्तिगत नोट्स प्रबंधित करने की अनुमति देगा।

पूर्वावश्यकताएँ

हैलो-वर्ल्ड-मॉड्यूल ट्यूटोरियल पूरा किया
PHP OOP अवधारणाओं की समझ
बुनियादी SQL ज्ञान

मॉड्यूल अवलोकन

नोट्स मॉड्यूल विशेषताएं:

नोट्स बनाएं, देखें, संपादित करें और हटाएं
व्यवस्थापक प्रबंधन इंटरफ़ेस
उपयोगकर्ता-विशिष्ट नोट्स
श्रेणी संगठन
खोज कार्यक्षमता

चरण 1: निर्देशिका संरचना

/modules/notes/ में निम्नलिखित संरचना बनाएं:

/modules/notes/
    /admin/
        admin_header.php
        admin_footer.php
        index.php
        menu.php
        notes.php
        categories.php
    /assets/
        /css/
            style.css
        /images/
            logo.png
    /class/
        Note.php
        NoteHandler.php
        Category.php
        CategoryHandler.php
        Common/
            Breadcrumb.php
    /include/
        common.php
        install.php
        uninstall.php
        update.php
    /language/
        /english/
            admin.php
            main.php
            modinfo.php
    /sql/
        mysql.sql
    /templates/
        /admin/
            notes_admin_index.tpl
            notes_admin_notes.tpl
            notes_admin_categories.tpl
        notes_index.tpl
        notes_view.tpl
        notes_edit.tpl
        notes_list.tpl
    index.php
    view.php
    edit.php
    xoops_version.php

चरण 2: डेटाबेस स्कीमा

sql/mysql.sql बनाएं:

-- Notes Module Database Schema

-- Categories Table
CREATE TABLE `notes_categories` (
    `catid` INT(11) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    `description` TEXT,
    `weight` INT(5) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    `created` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    PRIMARY KEY (`catid`),
    KEY `idx_weight` (`weight`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

-- Notes Table
CREATE TABLE `notes_notes` (
    `noteid` INT(11) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `catid` INT(11) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    `uid` INT(11) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    `title` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    `content` TEXT NOT NULL,
    `status` TINYINT(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
    `created` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    `updated` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    PRIMARY KEY (`noteid`),
    KEY `idx_catid` (`catid`),
    KEY `idx_uid` (`uid`),
    KEY `idx_status` (`status`),
    KEY `idx_created` (`created`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

चरण 3: मॉड्यूल परिभाषा

xoops_version.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Notes Module - Module Definition
 */

if (!defined('XOOPS_ROOT_PATH')) {
    die('XOOPS root path not defined');
}

$modversion = [];

// Basic Information
$modversion['name']        = _MI_NOTES_NAME;
$modversion['version']     = 1.00;
$modversion['description'] = _MI_NOTES_DESC;
$modversion['author']      = 'Your Name';
$modversion['credits']     = 'XOOPS Community';
$modversion['license']     = 'GPL 2.0 or later';
$modversion['image']       = 'assets/images/logo.png';
$modversion['dirname']     = 'notes';

// Requirements
$modversion['min_php']   = '8.0';
$modversion['min_xoops'] = '2.5.11';

// Admin
$modversion['hasAdmin']    = 1;
$modversion['adminindex']  = 'admin/index.php';
$modversion['adminmenu']   = 'admin/menu.php';
$modversion['system_menu'] = 1;

// Main
$modversion['hasMain'] = 1;

// Submenu
$modversion['sub'][] = [
    'name' => _MI_NOTES_MENU_LIST,
    'url'  => 'index.php',
];
$modversion['sub'][] = [
    'name' => _MI_NOTES_MENU_ADD,
    'url'  => 'edit.php',
];

// Database
$modversion['sqlfile']['mysql'] = 'sql/mysql.sql';
$modversion['tables'] = [
    'notes_categories',
    'notes_notes',
];

// Templates
$modversion['templates'][] = ['file' => 'notes_index.tpl', 'description' => ''];
$modversion['templates'][] = ['file' => 'notes_view.tpl', 'description' => ''];
$modversion['templates'][] = ['file' => 'notes_edit.tpl', 'description' => ''];
$modversion['templates'][] = ['file' => 'notes_list.tpl', 'description' => ''];
$modversion['templates'][] = ['file' => 'admin/notes_admin_index.tpl', 'description' => ''];
$modversion['templates'][] = ['file' => 'admin/notes_admin_notes.tpl', 'description' => ''];
$modversion['templates'][] = ['file' => 'admin/notes_admin_categories.tpl', 'description' => ''];

// Configuration
$modversion['config'][] = [
    'name'        => 'notes_per_page',
    'title'       => '_MI_NOTES_PERPAGE',
    'description' => '_MI_NOTES_PERPAGE_DESC',
    'formtype'    => 'textbox',
    'valuetype'   => 'int',
    'default'     => 10,
];

// Install/Update Functions
$modversion['onInstall'] = 'include/install.php';
$modversion['onUpdate']  = 'include/update.php';

चरण 4: इकाई वर्ग

नोट इकाई

class/Note.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Note Entity Class
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace XoopsModules\Notes;

use XoopsObject;

class Note extends XoopsObject
{
    /**
     * Constructor
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        parent::__construct();
        $this->initVar('noteid', XOBJ_DTYPE_INT, null, false);
        $this->initVar('catid', XOBJ_DTYPE_INT, 0, false);
        $this->initVar('uid', XOBJ_DTYPE_INT, 0, true);
        $this->initVar('title', XOBJ_DTYPE_TXTBOX, '', true, 255);
        $this->initVar('content', XOBJ_DTYPE_TXTAREA, '', true);
        $this->initVar('status', XOBJ_DTYPE_INT, 1, false);
        $this->initVar('created', XOBJ_DTYPE_INT, 0, false);
        $this->initVar('updated', XOBJ_DTYPE_INT, 0, false);
    }

    /**
     * Get formatted creation date
     */
    public function getFormattedDate(string $format = 'Y-m-d H:i:s'): string
    {
        $timestamp = (int) $this->getVar('created');
        return date($format, $timestamp);
    }

    /**
     * Get the author's username
     */
    public function getAuthorName(): string
    {
        $uid = (int) $this->getVar('uid');
        if ($uid === 0) {
            return 'Anonymous';
        }

        $memberHandler = xoops_getHandler('member');
        $user = $memberHandler->getUser($uid);

        return $user ? $user->getVar('uname') : 'Unknown';
    }

    /**
     * Get category object
     */
    public function getCategory(): ?Category
    {
        $catid = (int) $this->getVar('catid');
        if ($catid === 0) {
            return null;
        }

        /** @var CategoryHandler $categoryHandler */
        $categoryHandler = xoops_getModuleHandler('category', 'notes');
        return $categoryHandler->get($catid);
    }

    /**
     * Get note as array for templates
     */
    public function toArray(): array
    {
        return [
            'noteid'        => $this->getVar('noteid'),
            'catid'         => $this->getVar('catid'),
            'uid'           => $this->getVar('uid'),
            'title'         => $this->getVar('title'),
            'content'       => $this->getVar('content', 's'),
            'content_short' => $this->getVar('content', 's', 200),
            'status'        => $this->getVar('status'),
            'created'       => $this->getFormattedDate(),
            'author'        => $this->getAuthorName(),
        ];
    }
}

नोट हैंडलर

class/NoteHandler.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Note Handler Class
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace XoopsModules\Notes;

use XoopsPersistableObjectHandler;
use CriteriaCompo;
use Criteria;

class NoteHandler extends XoopsPersistableObjectHandler
{
    /**
     * Constructor
     */
    public function __construct(\XoopsDatabase $db = null)
    {
        parent::__construct(
            $db,
            'notes_notes',
            Note::class,
            'noteid',
            'title'
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get notes by user ID
     *
     * @param int $uid User ID
     * @param int $limit Limit
     * @param int $start Start offset
     * @return Note[]
     */
    public function getByUser(int $uid, int $limit = 0, int $start = 0): array
    {
        $criteria = new CriteriaCompo();
        $criteria->add(new Criteria('uid', $uid));
        $criteria->add(new Criteria('status', 1));
        $criteria->setSort('created');
        $criteria->setOrder('DESC');
        $criteria->setLimit($limit);
        $criteria->setStart($start);

        return $this->getObjects($criteria);
    }

    /**
     * Get notes by category
     *
     * @param int $catid Category ID
     * @param int $limit Limit
     * @param int $start Start offset
     * @return Note[]
     */
    public function getByCategory(int $catid, int $limit = 0, int $start = 0): array
    {
        $criteria = new CriteriaCompo();
        $criteria->add(new Criteria('catid', $catid));
        $criteria->add(new Criteria('status', 1));
        $criteria->setSort('created');
        $criteria->setOrder('DESC');
        $criteria->setLimit($limit);
        $criteria->setStart($start);

        return $this->getObjects($criteria);
    }

    /**
     * Get recent notes
     *
     * @param int $limit Limit
     * @param int|null $uid Optional user ID filter
     * @return Note[]
     */
    public function getRecent(int $limit = 10, ?int $uid = null): array
    {
        $criteria = new CriteriaCompo();
        $criteria->add(new Criteria('status', 1));

        if ($uid !== null) {
            $criteria->add(new Criteria('uid', $uid));
        }

        $criteria->setSort('created');
        $criteria->setOrder('DESC');
        $criteria->setLimit($limit);

        return $this->getObjects($criteria);
    }

    /**
     * Search notes
     *
     * @param string $query Search query
     * @param int|null $uid Optional user ID filter
     * @return Note[]
     */
    public function search(string $query, ?int $uid = null): array
    {
        $criteria = new CriteriaCompo();
        $criteria->add(new Criteria('status', 1));

        // Search in title and content
        $searchCriteria = new CriteriaCompo();
        $searchCriteria->add(new Criteria('title', '%' . $query . '%', 'LIKE'), 'OR');
        $searchCriteria->add(new Criteria('content', '%' . $query . '%', 'LIKE'), 'OR');
        $criteria->add($searchCriteria);

        if ($uid !== null) {
            $criteria->add(new Criteria('uid', $uid));
        }

        $criteria->setSort('created');
        $criteria->setOrder('DESC');

        return $this->getObjects($criteria);
    }

    /**
     * Count notes by user
     *
     * @param int $uid User ID
     * @return int
     */
    public function countByUser(int $uid): int
    {
        $criteria = new CriteriaCompo();
        $criteria->add(new Criteria('uid', $uid));
        $criteria->add(new Criteria('status', 1));

        return $this->getCount($criteria);
    }

    /**
     * Save a note with automatic timestamps
     *
     * @param Note $note
     * @param bool $force
     * @return bool
     */
    public function insert($note, $force = true): bool
    {
        $now = time();

        if ($note->isNew()) {
            $note->setVar('created', $now);
        }
        $note->setVar('updated', $now);

        return parent::insert($note, $force);
    }
}

श्रेणी इकाई

class/Category.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Category Entity Class
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace XoopsModules\Notes;

use XoopsObject;

class Category extends XoopsObject
{
    /**
     * Constructor
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        parent::__construct();
        $this->initVar('catid', XOBJ_DTYPE_INT, null, false);
        $this->initVar('name', XOBJ_DTYPE_TXTBOX, '', true, 255);
        $this->initVar('description', XOBJ_DTYPE_TXTAREA, '', false);
        $this->initVar('weight', XOBJ_DTYPE_INT, 0, false);
        $this->initVar('created', XOBJ_DTYPE_INT, 0, false);
    }

    /**
     * Get category as array
     */
    public function toArray(): array
    {
        return [
            'catid'       => $this->getVar('catid'),
            'name'        => $this->getVar('name'),
            'description' => $this->getVar('description', 's'),
            'weight'      => $this->getVar('weight'),
        ];
    }
}

श्रेणी हैंडलर

class/CategoryHandler.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Category Handler Class
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace XoopsModules\Notes;

use XoopsPersistableObjectHandler;
use CriteriaCompo;
use Criteria;

class CategoryHandler extends XoopsPersistableObjectHandler
{
    /**
     * Constructor
     */
    public function __construct(\XoopsDatabase $db = null)
    {
        parent::__construct(
            $db,
            'notes_categories',
            Category::class,
            'catid',
            'name'
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get all categories ordered by weight
     *
     * @return Category[]
     */
    public function getAllOrdered(): array
    {
        $criteria = new CriteriaCompo();
        $criteria->setSort('weight');
        $criteria->setOrder('ASC');

        return $this->getObjects($criteria);
    }

    /**
     * Get categories as select options
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getSelectOptions(): array
    {
        $options = [0 => _MD_NOTES_NO_CATEGORY];
        $categories = $this->getAllOrdered();

        foreach ($categories as $category) {
            $options[$category->getVar('catid')] = $category->getVar('name');
        }

        return $options;
    }

    /**
     * Save category with automatic timestamp
     */
    public function insert($category, $force = true): bool
    {
        if ($category->isNew()) {
            $category->setVar('created', time());
        }

        return parent::insert($category, $force);
    }
}

चरण 5: सामान्य फ़ाइल शामिल करें

include/common.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Common Include File
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

if (!defined('XOOPS_ROOT_PATH')) {
    die('XOOPS root path not defined');
}

// Module constants
define('NOTES_DIRNAME', 'notes');
define('NOTES_PATH', XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/modules/' . NOTES_DIRNAME);
define('NOTES_URL', XOOPS_URL . '/modules/' . NOTES_DIRNAME);

// Load class files
require_once NOTES_PATH . '/class/Category.php';
require_once NOTES_PATH . '/class/CategoryHandler.php';
require_once NOTES_PATH . '/class/Note.php';
require_once NOTES_PATH . '/class/NoteHandler.php';

/**
 * Get the Notes module helper
 */
function notesHelper(): \Xmf\Module\Helper
{
    return \Xmf\Module\Helper::getHelper('notes');
}

/**
 * Get note handler instance
 */
function noteHandler(): \XoopsModules\Notes\NoteHandler
{
    return xoops_getModuleHandler('note', 'notes');
}

/**
 * Get category handler instance
 */
function categoryHandler(): \XoopsModules\Notes\CategoryHandler
{
    return xoops_getModuleHandler('category', 'notes');
}

चरण 6: फ्रंटएंड पेज

अनुक्रमणिका पृष्ठ

index.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Notes Index - List User's Notes
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

use Xmf\Request;

require_once dirname(__DIR__, 2) . '/mainfile.php';
require_once __DIR__ . '/include/common.php';

xoops_loadLanguage('main', 'notes');

// Require login
if (!$GLOBALS['xoopsUser']) {
    redirect_header(XOOPS_URL . '/user.php', 3, _NOPERM);
    exit;
}

$uid = $GLOBALS['xoopsUser']->getVar('uid');
$helper = notesHelper();
$perPage = $helper->getConfig('notes_per_page');

// Get page number
$start = Request::getInt('start', 0, 'GET');

// Get notes
$noteHandler = noteHandler();
$categoryHandler = categoryHandler();

$totalNotes = $noteHandler->countByUser($uid);
$notes = $noteHandler->getByUser($uid, $perPage, $start);

// Prepare notes for template
$notesArray = [];
foreach ($notes as $note) {
    $notesArray[] = $note->toArray();
}

// Get categories for filter
$categories = $categoryHandler->getAllOrdered();
$categoriesArray = [];
foreach ($categories as $category) {
    $categoriesArray[] = $category->toArray();
}

// Set template
$GLOBALS['xoopsOption']['template_main'] = 'notes_index.tpl';
require XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/header.php';

// Assign to template
$xoopsTpl->assign([
    'notes'       => $notesArray,
    'categories'  => $categoriesArray,
    'total_notes' => $totalNotes,
    'module_url'  => NOTES_URL,
]);

// Pagination
if ($totalNotes > $perPage) {
    require_once XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/class/pagenav.php';
    $nav = new \XoopsPageNav($totalNotes, $perPage, $start, 'start');
    $xoopsTpl->assign('pagination', $nav->renderNav());
}

require XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/footer.php';

पेज देखें

view.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * View Single Note
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

use Xmf\Request;

require_once dirname(__DIR__, 2) . '/mainfile.php';
require_once __DIR__ . '/include/common.php';

xoops_loadLanguage('main', 'notes');

// Require login
if (!$GLOBALS['xoopsUser']) {
    redirect_header(XOOPS_URL . '/user.php', 3, _NOPERM);
    exit;
}

$uid = $GLOBALS['xoopsUser']->getVar('uid');
$noteid = Request::getInt('id', 0, 'GET');

if ($noteid <= 0) {
    redirect_header(NOTES_URL . '/index.php', 3, _MD_NOTES_NOT_FOUND);
    exit;
}

$noteHandler = noteHandler();
$note = $noteHandler->get($noteid);

if (!$note || $note->getVar('uid') != $uid) {
    redirect_header(NOTES_URL . '/index.php', 3, _NOPERM);
    exit;
}

// Set template
$GLOBALS['xoopsOption']['template_main'] = 'notes_view.tpl';
require XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/header.php';

$xoopsTpl->assign([
    'note'       => $note->toArray(),
    'module_url' => NOTES_URL,
]);

require XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/footer.php';

पृष्ठ संपादित करें (बनाएं/अद्यतन करें)

edit.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Create/Edit Note
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

use Xmf\Request;

require_once dirname(__DIR__, 2) . '/mainfile.php';
require_once __DIR__ . '/include/common.php';

xoops_loadLanguage('main', 'notes');

// Require login
if (!$GLOBALS['xoopsUser']) {
    redirect_header(XOOPS_URL . '/user.php', 3, _NOPERM);
    exit;
}

$uid = $GLOBALS['xoopsUser']->getVar('uid');
$noteid = Request::getInt('id', 0, 'REQUEST');
$op = Request::getString('op', 'form', 'REQUEST');

$noteHandler = noteHandler();
$categoryHandler = categoryHandler();

// Get or create note
if ($noteid > 0) {
    $note = $noteHandler->get($noteid);
    if (!$note || $note->getVar('uid') != $uid) {
        redirect_header(NOTES_URL . '/index.php', 3, _NOPERM);
        exit;
    }
    $isNew = false;
} else {
    $note = $noteHandler->create();
    $note->setVar('uid', $uid);
    $isNew = true;
}

// Handle form submission
if ($op === 'save') {
    // CSRF check
    if (!$GLOBALS['xoopsSecurity']->check()) {
        redirect_header(NOTES_URL . '/index.php', 3, implode('<br>', $GLOBALS['xoopsSecurity']->getErrors()));
        exit;
    }

    // Get form data
    $title = Request::getString('title', '', 'POST');
    $content = Request::getText('content', '', 'POST');
    $catid = Request::getInt('catid', 0, 'POST');

    // Validate
    $errors = [];
    if (empty($title)) {
        $errors[] = _MD_NOTES_ERR_TITLE_REQUIRED;
    }
    if (empty($content)) {
        $errors[] = _MD_NOTES_ERR_CONTENT_REQUIRED;
    }

    if (!empty($errors)) {
        redirect_header(
            NOTES_URL . '/edit.php?id=' . $noteid,
            3,
            implode('<br>', $errors)
        );
        exit;
    }

    // Set values
    $note->setVar('title', $title);
    $note->setVar('content', $content);
    $note->setVar('catid', $catid);

    // Save
    if ($noteHandler->insert($note)) {
        redirect_header(
            NOTES_URL . '/view.php?id=' . $note->getVar('noteid'),
            2,
            $isNew ? _MD_NOTES_CREATED : _MD_NOTES_UPDATED
        );
    } else {
        redirect_header(
            NOTES_URL . '/edit.php?id=' . $noteid,
            3,
            _MD_NOTES_ERR_SAVE
        );
    }
    exit;
}

// Handle delete
if ($op === 'delete' && $noteid > 0) {
    if (!$GLOBALS['xoopsSecurity']->check()) {
        redirect_header(NOTES_URL . '/index.php', 3, implode('<br>', $GLOBALS['xoopsSecurity']->getErrors()));
        exit;
    }

    if ($noteHandler->delete($note)) {
        redirect_header(NOTES_URL . '/index.php', 2, _MD_NOTES_DELETED);
    } else {
        redirect_header(NOTES_URL . '/index.php', 3, _MD_NOTES_ERR_DELETE);
    }
    exit;
}

// Display form
$GLOBALS['xoopsOption']['template_main'] = 'notes_edit.tpl';
require XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/header.php';

// Get categories for dropdown
$categories = $categoryHandler->getSelectOptions();

$xoopsTpl->assign([
    'note'       => $note->toArray(),
    'categories' => $categories,
    'is_new'     => $isNew,
    'module_url' => NOTES_URL,
    'token'      => $GLOBALS['xoopsSecurity']->getTokenHTML(),
]);

require XOOPS_ROOT_PATH . '/footer.php';

चरण 7: टेम्पलेट्स

सूचकांक टेम्पलेट

templates/notes_index.tpl बनाएं:

<{* Notes Index Template *}>

<div class="notes-container">
    <div class="notes-header">
        <h1><{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_MY_NOTES}></h1>
        <a href="<{$module_url}>/edit.php" class="btn btn-primary">
            <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_ADD_NEW}>
        </a>
    </div>

    <{if $notes}>
        <div class="notes-list">
            <{foreach from=$notes item=note}>
                <div class="note-item">
                    <h3>
                        <a href="<{$module_url}>/view.php?id=<{$note.noteid}>">
                            <{$note.title}>
                        </a>
                    </h3>
                    <div class="note-meta">
                        <span class="date"><{$note.created}></span>
                    </div>
                    <div class="note-excerpt">
                        <{$note.content_short|truncate:200}>
                    </div>
                    <div class="note-actions">
                        <a href="<{$module_url}>/view.php?id=<{$note.noteid}>">
                            <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_VIEW}>
                        </a>
                        <a href="<{$module_url}>/edit.php?id=<{$note.noteid}>">
                            <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_EDIT}>
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
            <{/foreach}>
        </div>

        <{if $pagination}>
            <div class="notes-pagination">
                <{$pagination}>
            </div>
        <{/if}>
    <{else}>
        <div class="notes-empty">
            <p><{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_NO_NOTES}></p>
            <a href="<{$module_url}>/edit.php" class="btn btn-primary">
                <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_CREATE_FIRST}>
            </a>
        </div>
    <{/if}>
</div>

टेम्पलेट देखें

templates/notes_view.tpl बनाएं:

<{* Note View Template *}>

<div class="note-view">
    <div class="note-header">
        <h1><{$note.title}></h1>
        <div class="note-meta">
            <span class="date"><{$note.created}></span>
            <span class="author"><{$note.author}></span>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="note-content">
        <{$note.content}>
    </div>

    <div class="note-actions">
        <a href="<{$module_url}>/edit.php?id=<{$note.noteid}>" class="btn btn-secondary">
            <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_EDIT}>
        </a>
        <a href="<{$module_url}>/index.php" class="btn btn-link">
            <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_BACK_LIST}>
        </a>
    </div>
</div>

टेम्पलेट संपादित करें

templates/notes_edit.tpl बनाएं:

<{* Note Edit Template *}>

<div class="note-edit">
    <h1>
        <{if $is_new}>
            <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_ADD_NEW}>
        <{else}>
            <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_EDIT_NOTE}>
        <{/if}>
    </h1>

    <form action="<{$module_url}>/edit.php" method="post" class="note-form">
        <{$token}>
        <input type="hidden" name="op" value="save">
        <input type="hidden" name="id" value="<{$note.noteid}>">

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="title"><{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_TITLE}></label>
            <input type="text"
                   name="title"
                   id="title"
                   class="form-control"
                   value="<{$note.title}>"
                   required>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="catid"><{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_CATEGORY}></label>
            <select name="catid" id="catid" class="form-control">
                <{foreach from=$categories key=id item=name}>
                    <option value="<{$id}>" <{if $note.catid == $id}>selected<{/if}>>
                        <{$name}>
                    </option>
                <{/foreach}>
            </select>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="content"><{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_CONTENT}></label>
            <textarea name="content"
                      id="content"
                      class="form-control"
                      rows="10"
                      required><{$note.content}></textarea>
        </div>

        <div class="form-actions">
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">
                <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_SAVE}>
            </button>
            <a href="<{$module_url}>/index.php" class="btn btn-link">
                <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_CANCEL}>
            </a>
            <{if !$is_new}>
                <button type="submit"
                        name="op"
                        value="delete"
                        class="btn btn-danger"
                        onclick="return confirm('<{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_CONFIRM_DELETE}>');">
                    <{$smarty.const._MD_NOTES_DELETE}>
                </button>
            <{/if}>
        </div>
    </form>
</div>

चरण 8: भाषा फ़ाइल

language/english/main.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Main Language File
 */

// Page Titles
define('_MD_NOTES_MY_NOTES', 'My Notes');
define('_MD_NOTES_ADD_NEW', 'Add New Note');
define('_MD_NOTES_EDIT_NOTE', 'Edit Note');

// Form Labels
define('_MD_NOTES_TITLE', 'Title');
define('_MD_NOTES_CONTENT', 'Content');
define('_MD_NOTES_CATEGORY', 'Category');
define('_MD_NOTES_NO_CATEGORY', '-- No Category --');

// Buttons
define('_MD_NOTES_SAVE', 'Save');
define('_MD_NOTES_CANCEL', 'Cancel');
define('_MD_NOTES_DELETE', 'Delete');
define('_MD_NOTES_VIEW', 'View');
define('_MD_NOTES_EDIT', 'Edit');
define('_MD_NOTES_BACK_LIST', 'Back to List');

// Messages
define('_MD_NOTES_CREATED', 'Note created successfully.');
define('_MD_NOTES_UPDATED', 'Note updated successfully.');
define('_MD_NOTES_DELETED', 'Note deleted successfully.');
define('_MD_NOTES_NOT_FOUND', 'Note not found.');
define('_MD_NOTES_NO_NOTES', 'You have no notes yet.');
define('_MD_NOTES_CREATE_FIRST', 'Create Your First Note');
define('_MD_NOTES_CONFIRM_DELETE', 'Are you sure you want to delete this note?');

// Errors
define('_MD_NOTES_ERR_TITLE_REQUIRED', 'Title is required.');
define('_MD_NOTES_ERR_CONTENT_REQUIRED', 'Content is required.');
define('_MD_NOTES_ERR_SAVE', 'Error saving note.');
define('_MD_NOTES_ERR_DELETE', 'Error deleting note.');

चरण 9: व्यवस्थापक इंटरफ़ेस

व्यवस्थापक मेनू

admin/menu.php बनाएं:

<?php
$adminmenu = [];

$adminmenu[] = [
    'title' => _AM_NOTES_INDEX,
    'link'  => 'admin/index.php',
    'icon'  => 'home.png',
];

$adminmenu[] = [
    'title' => _AM_NOTES_NOTES,
    'link'  => 'admin/notes.php',
    'icon'  => 'content.png',
];

$adminmenu[] = [
    'title' => _AM_NOTES_CATEGORIES,
    'link'  => 'admin/categories.php',
    'icon'  => 'category.png',
];

व्यवस्थापक नोट्स प्रबंधन

admin/notes.php बनाएं:

<?php
/**
 * Admin Notes Management
 */

declare(strict_types=1);

use Xmf\Request;

require_once __DIR__ . '/admin_header.php';

$op = Request::getString('op', 'list', 'REQUEST');
$noteid = Request::getInt('id', 0, 'REQUEST');

$noteHandler = noteHandler();

switch ($op) {
    case 'delete':
        if ($noteid > 0) {
            $note = $noteHandler->get($noteid);
            if ($note && $noteHandler->delete($note)) {
                redirect_header('notes.php', 2, _AM_NOTES_DELETED);
            } else {
                redirect_header('notes.php', 3, _AM_NOTES_ERR_DELETE);
            }
        }
        break;

    case 'list':
    default:
        $adminObject->displayNavigation('notes.php');

        // Get all notes
        $criteria = new CriteriaCompo();
        $criteria->setSort('created');
        $criteria->setOrder('DESC');
        $notes = $noteHandler->getObjects($criteria);

        // Display table
        echo '<table class="outer">';
        echo '<tr class="head"><th>' . _AM_NOTES_ID . '</th>';
        echo '<th>' . _AM_NOTES_TITLE . '</th>';
        echo '<th>' . _AM_NOTES_AUTHOR . '</th>';
        echo '<th>' . _AM_NOTES_DATE . '</th>';
        echo '<th>' . _AM_NOTES_ACTIONS . '</th></tr>';

        foreach ($notes as $note) {
            echo '<tr class="even">';
            echo '<td>' . $note->getVar('noteid') . '</td>';
            echo '<td>' . $note->getVar('title') . '</td>';
            echo '<td>' . $note->getAuthorName() . '</td>';
            echo '<td>' . $note->getFormattedDate() . '</td>';
            echo '<td>';
            echo '<a href="notes.php?op=delete&id=' . $note->getVar('noteid') . '" ';
            echo 'onclick="return confirm(\'' . _AM_NOTES_CONFIRM_DELETE . '\');">';
            echo _AM_NOTES_DELETE . '</a>';
            echo '</td></tr>';
        }

        echo '</table>';
        break;
}

require_once __DIR__ . '/admin_footer.php';

सारांश

बधाई हो! आपने एक संपूर्ण CRUD मॉड्यूल बनाया है। मुख्य अवधारणाएँ शामिल:

डेटाबेस डिज़ाइन - रिश्तों के साथ तालिकाएँ
इकाई वर्ग - XoopsObject टाइप की गई संपत्तियों के साथ
हैंडलर क्लासेस - XoopsPersistableObjectHandler कस्टम तरीकों के साथ
फ्रंटेंड पेज - कार्यक्षमता की सूची बनाएं, देखें और संपादित करें
फॉर्म हैंडलिंग - CSRF सुरक्षा और सत्यापन
एडमिन इंटरफ़ेस - प्रबंधन स्क्रीन
टेम्पलेट्स - Smarty तर्क के साथ टेम्प्लेट

अगले चरण

अधिक उन्नत सुविधाएँ जोड़ें (टिप्पणियाँ, रेटिंग, साझाकरण)
स्वच्छ डेटा एक्सेस के लिए ../पैटर्न/रिपोजिटरी-पैटर्न लागू करें
बेहतर कोड संगठन के लिए ../पैटर्न/एमवीसी-पैटर्न लागू करें
PHPUnit के साथ ../सर्वोत्तम अभ्यास/परीक्षण जोड़ें

यह भी देखें: ../मॉड्यूल-विकास | ../पैटर्न/एमवीसी-पैटर्न | ../पैटर्न/रिपॉजिटरी-पैटर्न