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Έγχυση εξάρτησης σε XOOPS

Το Dependency Injection (DI) είναι ένα μοτίβο σχεδιασμού που επιτρέπει στα στοιχεία να λαμβάνουν τις εξαρτήσεις τους από εξωτερικές πηγές αντί να τις δημιουργούν εσωτερικά. Το XOOPS 4.0 παρουσιάζει τη συμβατή υποστήριξη κοντέινερ PSR-11.

class ArticleService
{
private ArticleRepository $repository;
private EventDispatcher $dispatcher;
public function __construct()
{
// Hard dependencies - difficult to test and modify
$this->repository = new ArticleRepository(new XoopsDatabase());
$this->dispatcher = new EventDispatcher();
}
}
class ArticleService
{
public function __construct(
private readonly ArticleRepositoryInterface $repository,
private readonly EventDispatcherInterface $dispatcher
) {}
}
use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
// Get the container
$container = \Xmf\Module\Helper::getHelper('mymodule')->getContainer();
// Retrieve a service
$articleService = $container->get(ArticleService::class);
// Check if service exists
if ($container->has(ArticleService::class)) {
// Use the service
}
config/services.php
use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
return [
// Simple class instantiation
ArticleRepository::class => ArticleRepository::class,
// Interface to implementation binding
ArticleRepositoryInterface::class => ArticleRepository::class,
// Factory function
ArticleService::class => function (ContainerInterface $c): ArticleService {
return new ArticleService(
$c->get(ArticleRepositoryInterface::class),
$c->get(EventDispatcherInterface::class)
);
},
// Shared instance (singleton)
'database' => function (): XoopsDatabase {
return XoopsDatabaseFactory::getDatabaseConnection();
},
];
// The container automatically resolves dependencies
// when type hints are available
class ArticleController
{
public function __construct(
private readonly ArticleService $service,
private readonly ViewRenderer $renderer
) {}
}
// Container creates ArticleController with its dependencies
$controller = $container->get(ArticleController::class);
config/services.php
return [
ArticleService::class => [
'class' => ArticleService::class,
'arguments' => [
ArticleRepositoryInterface::class,
EventDispatcherInterface::class,
],
'shared' => true, // Singleton
],
'article.handler' => [
'factory' => [ArticleHandlerFactory::class, 'create'],
'arguments' => ['@database'], // Reference other service
],
];
final class ArticleService
{
public function __construct(
private readonly ArticleRepositoryInterface $repository,
private readonly EventDispatcherInterface $dispatcher,
private readonly LoggerInterface $logger
) {}
public function create(CreateArticleDTO $dto): Article
{
$this->logger->info('Creating article', ['title' => $dto->title]);
$article = Article::create($dto);
$this->repository->save($article);
$this->dispatcher->dispatch(new ArticleCreatedEvent($article));
return $article;
}
}
class ArticleController
{
public function __construct(
private readonly ArticleService $service
) {}
public function show(int $id, ?CacheInterface $cache = null): Response
{
$cacheKey = "article_{$id}";
if ($cache && $cached = $cache->get($cacheKey)) {
return $this->render($cached);
}
$article = $this->service->findById($id);
$cache?->set($cacheKey, $article, 3600);
return $this->render($article);
}
}
interface ArticleRepositoryInterface
{
public function findById(int $id): ?Article;
public function save(Article $article): void;
public function delete(Article $article): void;
}
config/services.php
return [
ArticleRepositoryInterface::class => XoopsArticleRepository::class,
// Or with factory
ArticleRepositoryInterface::class => function (ContainerInterface $c) {
return new XoopsArticleRepository(
$c->get('database')
);
},
];
class ArticleServiceTest extends TestCase
{
public function testCreateArticle(): void
{
// Create mocks
$repository = $this->createMock(ArticleRepositoryInterface::class);
$dispatcher = $this->createMock(EventDispatcherInterface::class);
$logger = $this->createMock(LoggerInterface::class);
// Inject mocks
$service = new ArticleService($repository, $dispatcher, $logger);
// Set expectations
$repository->expects($this->once())->method('save');
$dispatcher->expects($this->once())->method('dispatch');
// Test
$dto = new CreateArticleDTO('Title', 'Content');
$article = $service->create($dto);
$this->assertInstanceOf(Article::class, $article);
}
}
// Get service from container in legacy code
function mymodule_get_articles(int $limit): array
{
$container = \Xmf\Module\Helper::getHelper('mymodule')->getContainer();
$service = $container->get(ArticleService::class);
return $service->findRecent($limit);
}
config/services.php
return [
'article.handler' => function () {
return xoops_getModuleHandler('article', 'mymodule');
},
ArticleRepositoryInterface::class => function (ContainerInterface $c) {
return new LegacyArticleRepository(
$c->get('article.handler')
);
},
];
  1. Inject Interfaces - Βασίζονται σε αφαιρέσεις, όχι σε υλοποιήσεις
  2. Constructor Injection - Προτιμήστε το constructor έναντι του setter injection
  3. Ενιαία ευθύνη - Κάθε τάξη πρέπει να έχει λίγες εξαρτήσεις
  4. Avoid Container Awareness - Οι υπηρεσίες δεν πρέπει να γνωρίζουν για το κοντέινερ
  5. Διαμόρφωση, Μην κωδικοποιείτε - Χρησιμοποιήστε αρχεία διαμόρφωσης για την καλωδίωση
  • ../07-XOOPS-4.0/Implementation-Guides/PSR-11-Dependency-Injection-Guide - PSR-11 υλοποίηση
  • ../03-Module-Development/Patterns/Service-Layer - Μοτίβο σέρβις
  • ../03-Module-Development/Best-Practices/Testing - Δοκιμή με DI
  • ../07-XOOPS-4.0/XOOPS-4.0-Architecture - Αρχιτεκτονική επισκόπηση